Cardiovascular disease (CVD) cost the EU an estimated €282 billion in 2021, according to late breaking research presented at ESC Congress 2023. Health and long-term care accounted for €155 billion (55%) of these costs, equaling 11% of EU health expenditure. The findings are published in the European Heart Journal, and the analysis was a collaborative effort by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the University of Oxford, UK.
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