Chronic inflammation’s connection to atrial fibrillation points to IL-1β as a promising treatment target

A recent Brazilian study published in Nature Cardiovascular Research has highlighted promising pathways for preventing and treating atrial fibrillation, a condition that significantly raises the risks of stroke and dementia. The research was led by the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) in partnership with the D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR).

Newly discovered mechanism regulates microglial characteristics in early brain development

Researchers at University of Tsukuba have discovered a novel mechanism involved in brain development. They found that small fragments called micronuclei produced by neuronal nuclei are released into the extracellular space during the early establishment of the postnatal brain. They also found that microglia, which are resident immune cells in the brain, incorporate these micronuclei, thereby altering gene expression patterns and microglial characteristics.

Exploring the psychological mechanisms behind virtual reality exposure therapy’s success

Exposure therapy, in which patients gradually face the things and situations they fear, is among the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders, yet it remains underutilized (Pittig, Kotter, & Hoyer, 2019). Some patients may find it too intimidating, while clinicians may struggle with the lack of control and the challenge of repeatedly creating experiences such as flying in a plane or talking in front of a large crowd.