Immune cells’ location in the gut shapes their disease-fighting roles, study reveals

The human immune system is like an army of specialized soldiers (immune cells) each with a unique role to play in fighting disease. In a new study published in Nature, led by scientists at the Allen Institute, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, and UC San Diego, researchers reveal how cells known as tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells, play unique and specialized roles based on where they are located within the small intestine.

How the design of online slot machines affects gambling problems

The structural design features of virtual gambling machines are likely to promote specific learning processes in the human reward system that cause gamblers to form erroneous expectations and beliefs. That is the result of a theoretical and overview study by cognition and neuroscience expert Professor Dr. Jan Peters at the University of Cologne, in which he combines results from various empirical and theoretical studies.

Melanoma study identifies a mechanism for eliminating harmful cells from cancer treatment

After treating a tumor with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cells known as senescent cells can appear. These are cells that do not divide, are involved in the aging process, and are resistant to cell death, but are still metabolically active in the human body. When they accumulate, they can jeopardize the patients’ recovery. Now, a UB-led study describes for the first time a molecular mechanism that could drive the design of strategies to eliminate senescent cells in cancer patients.