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Proteins, long polymers comprised of smaller constituents known as amino acids, play a crucial role in the functioning of the human body. Over the course of a human’s life, these “strings” of proteins fold into unique 3D structures or conformations, and this folding process affects how different channels and receptors in the brain interact with other proteins.

By NATION REPORTER
ZAMBIANS voted for change in the August 2021 general elections but they should not be expecting that the change should be instant, the UPND has said.
And the UPND blame crusade against the Patriotic Front (PF) has continued with Mr Cornelius Mweetwa claiming that the governing party did not create the current economic malaise the country is going through.
Meanwhile, Mr Mweetwa has claimed that Zambians are not suffering and that citizens were much better than they were during the PF reign.
Mr Mwetwa, the UPND spokesperson says Zambians should sacrifice for just a little longer as President Hakainde Hichilema was working at addressing and correcting the economic chaos left by the PF.
Mr Mweetwa, who is also Southern Province Minister said the UPND had inherited a huge crippling debt which President Hichilema’s administration was determined to dismantle and begin to improve the lives of the people.
He said while it was true that the cost of living had astronomically increased in the last 18 months of the UPND in power, Zambians were in fact much better than they were under the PF administration.
Speaking on Radio Phoenix Let the People Talk Programme on Tuesday, Mr Mweetwa said the UPND government was fully aware of the suffering of the majority Zambians, claiming that President Hichilema’s government had inherited an economy that was flat (down) on its knees.
He said Zambians were much better without subsidies because money saved from the removal of subsidies was being channeled to offering free education as well as the recruityment of teachers and health workers.
He advised Zambians to emulate President Hichilema who for the last 18 months of the UPND in government had never received a salary from government because according to him, the head of State was sacrificing to serve citizens.
“The politics of appeasing people is what has brought us to where we are now. We inherited a crippling debt which President Hichilema’s administration is working hard to dismantle.
The UPND did not create the economic malaise the country is going through. Our colleagues in the previous government were just borrowing for infrastructure without any obligation of paying back.”
So the UPND government is fully aware of the suffering of the people…but they are much better off than they were even without subsidies under the previous government. We are not going to reverse the economic damage within a short time and so let Zambians sacrifice for just a little longer. President Hichilema is sacrificing and has gone for one and half years without a salary,” Mr Mweetwa said.
Mr Mweetwa said the promises of cheaper mealie meal and fuel were being implemented but that the high cost of living was being influenced by external factor which could not be blamed on the UPND.
Mr Mweetwa explained that the perception created by the opposition that Zambians were starving was not correct because many vulnerable Zambians had been put on the Social Cash Transfer and were receiving their K400 stipend without delays.

Bernadette Deka-Zulu (PhD Researcher- Public Enterprise)

ZAMBIA, like many other countries, is experiencing grave impacts of climate change, which is one of the biggest challenges facing the world today.

In the recent years, the country has experienced severe flooding that have caused significant economic damage, affecting agriculture, infrastructure, and other sectors of the economy.

This article examines the economic impacts of climate change in Zambia, with a particular focus on the flooding incidents, and discusses opportunities for building resilience and adaptation.

Long-term economic impact of flooding incidents

The flooding incidents have had a significant impact on the country’s economy.  According to a report by the World Bank, the 2019 floods caused an estimated $3.3 billion in damage, equivalent to around 3.4 booting of the country’s GDP. The floods affected several sectors of the economy, including agriculture, transportation, and energy.

In addition to the immediate impacts, the flooding incidents also have the potential to cause long-term economic damage.

The destruction of infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, can make it difficult for businesses to transport goods and services, leading to reduced productivity and economic growth.

The floods also have the potential to affect the country’s ability to generate revenue and attract investment, which could further impede economic development in the long run.

Furthermore, if agriculture is affected by flooding, this can have a ripple effect on other sectors of the economy, leading to reduced economic activity and growth.

The country has experienced several flooding incidents in recent years that have caused significant economic damage. While the immediate impact of flooding incidents is often felt in terms of infrastructure damage and loss of income for farmers, the long-term economic impact of these events can be even more substantial.

Flooding incidents can have a significant impact on a country’s economy, both in the short and long term. As such, it is important for policymakers, businesses, and individuals to recognise the potential long-term impact of flooding incidents and take action to mitigate their effects.

By investing in climate-resilient infrastructure and promoting sustainable economic development, countries can build a more resilient future in the face of climate change.

Opportunities for building resilience and adaptation

Despite the challenges posed by climate change and flooding incidents, there are opportunities for building resilience and adaptation. One such opportunity is the expansion of irrigation systems to mitigate the effects of droughts and floods on agriculture.

By investing in irrigation systems, farmers can grow crops even in times of low rainfall, reducing their reliance on rain-fed agriculture and increasing their resilience to climate change.

Investing in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power is another opportunity for building resilience and adaptation. By investing in renewable energy, Zambia can reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and increase its resilience to climate change.

Finally, the country can invest in climate-resilient infrastructure to mitigate the effects of future flooding incidents.

This could include building bridges and roads that are designed to withstand flooding, as well as improving drainage systems in urban areas.

Conclusion

The economic impacts of climate change in Zambia, particularly flooding incidents, have been significant.

However, there are opportunities for building resilience and adaptation that can help mitigate the effects of climate change and promote sustainable economic development.

By investing in irrigation systems, renewable energy, and climate-resilient infrastructure, Zambia can build a more resilient and sustainable economy that is better equipped to face the challenges posed by climate change.

It is important for policymakers, businesses, and individuals to recognise the importance of innovative and adaptive strategies for promoting sustainable economic development in the face of climate change, and to take action to build a more resilient future for Zambia.

This article only scratches the surface of this complex and multifaceted problem. I look forward to sharing more insights on the effects of climate change.

For questions or comments, contact the author at bernadettedekazulu@gmail.com

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